The Ancient House is a Grade II* listed building in the Braintree local planning authority area, England. First listed on 21 June 1962. A Medieval Hall house.

The Ancient House

WRENN ID
ruined-keystone-crag
Grade
II*
Local Planning Authority
Braintree
Constituency
Braintree MP: Sir James Cleverly (Con)
Country
England
Date first listed
21 June 1962
Type
Hall house
Period
Medieval
Address
The Ancient House, Chapel Street, Steeple Bumpstead
OS grid reference
TL 680 411
Coordinates
52.04308, 0.44955
Source
Historic England listing

Also on this page: flood risk · radon risk · weather exposure · detailed attributes ↓

Description

The Ancient House is a hall house dating from the 15th century, with alterations made in the 16th and 20th centuries. It features a timber frame, is plastered, and has a roof made of handmade red clay tiles. The building has a two-bay hall oriented approximately north-south, with a west-facing aspect, an integral service bay to the south, and a three-bay crosswing to the north that jetties out to the west. There is a late 16th-century axial chimney stack in the north bay of the hall, an early 17th-century external stack on the north side of the crosswing, and a 19th/20th-century external stack at the south end.

The crosswing is two storeys high, while the remainder of the building is one storey with attics. There are single-storey extensions to the north and east of the crosswing. The house has a 20th-century door and five 20th-century metal casement windows. Below the jetty, there are four plain brackets and exposed joists. On the first floor, there is one 20th-century metal casement window and another in a gabled dormer. The central and north chimney stacks have grouped diagonal shafts, which were rebuilt in the 19th or 20th century.

Inside, the house features jowled posts, heavy studding, and cambered tiebeams. The crosswing includes a plain-chamfered binding beam with broach stops and plain joists of horizontal section. A large blocked unglazed window is present in the east wall of the hall, divided by a late 16th-century inserted floor on pegged clamps, with all joists being plain-chamfered with lamb's tongue stops. The wallplates show edge-halved and bridled scarfs, and the original crownpost roof is largely intact, although the central crownpost and collar-purlin are missing. The upper studs at the south end of the hall retain original wattle and daub infill, which is heavily smoke-blackened.

The crosswing has a plain crownpost with curved braces to the collar-purlin, and the roof above has been rebuilt in softwood. There are two 16th-century moulded doors in the crosswing; one is at the entrance to the parlour and is possibly in its original position, while the other has been repositioned on the first floor. Additionally, a section of 16th-century panelling has been reused as a door on the ground floor.

Local climate

The Ancient House sits in a drier-than-average part of the UK, with an average of 700 mm of rain a year. This makes it drier than 90% of listed buildings in the UK. Its exposure to wind-driven rain is lower than that of 79% of listed buildings.

It experiences an average of 33 freeze-thaw cycles a year, fewer than 54% of listed buildings. Of these, 17 follow at least 1 mm of rain in the preceding 48 hours. Average temperatures at this location have risen by 0.3°C per decade since 1991.

Averages for 1991–2020; temperature trend 1991–2025. Figures describe the wider area (a grid cell of roughly 10 km), not the individual site. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information 2026.

More on this building

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