Parish Church of St John the Baptist is a Grade II listed building in the Newport local planning authority area, Wales. First listed on 1 March 1963. Church.
Parish Church of St John the Baptist
- WRENN ID
- sheer-steeple-vermeil
- Grade
- II
- Local Planning Authority
- Newport
- Constituency
- Newport East MP: Jessica Morden (Lab)
- Country
- Wales
- Date first listed
- 1 March 1963
- Type
- Church
- Address
- Parish Church of St John the Baptist, Penhow Castle, Penhow
- OS grid reference
- ST 424 908
- Coordinates
- 51.61319, -2.83322
- Source
- Cadw listing
Description
The Parish Church of St John the Baptist is a building of group value, dating to the 13th century with later alterations and an early 20th-century restoration. It is constructed of local rubblestone with stone dressings and slate roofs. The church features a distinctive plan consisting of a chancel, which steps up to the nave, a small vestry to the north of the chancel, and a south aisle bisected into two equal halves by a square, pyramidal roofed tower. The tower crossing leads into the south porch.
The east window of the chancel is a cusped, two-light window with a quatrefoil head. The chancel is lit on the south side by a similar window with a simple hoodmould beneath a relieving arch. A small stained glass lancet is set at a high level at the east end of the south aisle, which is also lit by a pair of matching two-light windows with quatrefoil heads flanking the porch. The porch has a simple roundheaded doorway with benches on either side, and a 13th-century stoup is set to the right of the inner door. The porch is positioned slightly off-centre to the south face of the tower. A small single window with a cusped head, set at a high level, is located at the west end of the south aisle. The west window of the nave is slightly larger and contains a four-centred doorway beneath a relieving arch. A large, stepped buttress is situated at the junction of the nave and south aisle. The nave is lit on the north side by two three-light windows with cusped heads, one at each end. The vestry has windows on its west and north sides. The tower has single louvered belfry windows on each elevation, featuring red brick dressings and stone sills; flanking pairs of slot windows are set under the eaves of the hipped slate roof.
Stone steps of the churchyard cross survive to the south of the porch within the churchyard. The south porch leads into the tower crossing. The south aisle contains an arcade of five bays in exposed sandstone rubble with plain pointed arches. The central arch supports the tower above on massive piers. The eastern bay of the south aisle was reportedly the former Seymour chapel. The flanking arches display a variety of detail, including a round column with a diagonally undercut capital with roll moulding, another round column with a decorative still leaf capital, and an octagonal engaged column with a diagonally undercut capital with broach stops. The chancel arch is wide, high, and obtuse and was likely rebuilt during the 18th century when the roof was replaced. A low, plain stone screen divides the chancel and nave, featuring a central doorway; horizontal members spring from the top of the doorway jambs to create square squints on either side. A circular font sits on a square base at the west end of the south aisle. On the north side of the chancel, the exposed top half of the Seymour tomb is set into the wall, taking the form of an ogee niche with cusped interior and flamboyant crockets. The chancel retains a 13th-century double piscina to the right of the altar.
Local climate
Parish Church of St John the Baptist receives an average of 860 mm of rain a year. This makes it wetter than 62% of listed buildings in the UK. Its exposure to wind-driven rain is greater than that of 63% of listed buildings.
It experiences an average of 36 freeze-thaw cycles a year, more than 64% of listed buildings. Of these, 15 follow at least 1 mm of rain in the preceding 48 hours. Average temperatures at this location have risen by 0.3°C per decade since 1991.
Averages for 1991–2020; temperature trend 1991–2025. Figures describe the wider area (a grid cell of roughly 10 km), not the individual site. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information 2026.
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