Windmill Tower to W of Llancayo House is a Grade II listed building in the Monmouthshire local planning authority area, Wales. First listed on 24 September 1985. Tower.

Windmill Tower to W of Llancayo House

WRENN ID
tenth-hinge-wren
Grade
II
Local Planning Authority
Monmouthshire
Constituency
Monmouthshire MP: Catherine Fookes (Lab)
Country
Wales
Date first listed
24 September 1985
Type
Tower
Address
Windmill Tower to W of Llancayo House, Usk, Llanarth
OS grid reference
SO 365 030
Coordinates
51.72233, -2.91995
Source
Cadw listing

Also on this page: flood risk · radon risk · weather exposure · detailed attributes ↓

Description

The Windmill Tower, located to the west of Llancayo House, is a prominent tapering conical structure dating from the 18th century. It features an attached roofless mill building to the north. The tower is constructed of rubble stone, originally rendered, and is now roofless with an eroded wall-head. It has two projecting string courses and a coursed rubble plinth. The stone voussoirs above cambered openings indicate where frames were once situated, and there is brickwork present in the inner soffits and other dressings. The tower exhibits four apparent floor levels.

Above ground level, there are three door openings and four square windows that break the lower string course. To the left of the north-northwest door, there is a round arched low opening, which may have been used for access to the attached mill. Put-log holes, with remnants of projecting timbers, can be found beneath the first-floor sill course. The first floor has narrow long openings positioned over the north-northwest and south-southeast doors, along with four square windows above the ground floor windows. The second floor contains four similar windows, all aligned, while the next level features two windows on both the north-northwest and south-southeast sides, as does the level above.

To the north, there are ruinous buildings connected by walls. To the northwest, there is a gabled structure with a brick cambered-arched entry at the southern end, a loft light above, and a window on each floor at the northern end. To the northeast, there is a sunken pit with walling to the east and north, which includes basement and ground floor openings to the north.

Inside the tower, the tall tapering space contains joist holes where floors are missing.

Local climate

Windmill Tower to W of Llancayo House receives an average of 890 mm of rain a year. This makes it wetter than 66% of listed buildings in the UK. Its exposure to wind-driven rain is greater than that of 66% of listed buildings.

It experiences an average of 41 freeze-thaw cycles a year, more than 78% of listed buildings. Of these, 18 follow at least 1 mm of rain in the preceding 48 hours. Average temperatures at this location have risen by 0.3°C per decade since 1991.

Averages for 1991–2020; temperature trend 1991–2025. Figures describe the wider area (a grid cell of roughly 10 km), not the individual site. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information 2026.

More on this building

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Nearby listed buildings

  1. Barn at Lower Llancayo Grade II 186 m
  2. Mill building at Lower Llancayo Farm Grade II 186 m
  3. Lower Llancayo Farm and attached outbuildings Grade II 217 m
  4. Llancayo House Grade II 220 m
  5. Railings and gates to S of Llancayo House Grade II 247 m
  6. Outbuilding to E of Lower Llancayo Farm Grade II 259 m
  7. Upper Llancayo Grade II 645 m
  8. Prioress Mill and Mill Cottage Grade II 742 m
  9. Double Granary at Henrhiw Farm Grade II 1.1 km
  10. Henrhiw Farmhouse Grade II 1.2 km