Memorial Cross to John Ruskin Approximately 23 Metres East of St Andrew's Church is a Grade II listed building in the Lake District National Park local planning authority area, England. Memorial.
Memorial Cross to John Ruskin Approximately 23 Metres East of St Andrew's Church
- WRENN ID
- dreaming-ember-myrtle
- Grade
- II
- Local Planning Authority
- Lake District National Park
- Constituency
- Westmorland and Lonsdale MP: Tim Farron (LD)
- Country
- England
- Type
- Memorial
- OS grid reference
- SD 302 975
- Coordinates
- 54.36884, -3.07463
- Source
- Historic England listing
Description
The memorial cross to John Ruskin, located approximately 23 meters east of St Andrew's Church, was created in 1901 by W.G. Collingwood, who was known for his expertise in ancient crosses. This Anglo-Celtic cross features a slightly tapering rectangular shaft and a cross head with swept arms. The design includes interlace scrollwork and symbolic panels. The memorial inscription reads: "JOHN RUSKIN/ 1819:1900".
On the east face, the decoration includes, from bottom to top, a youth playing a lyre, an inscription with interlace above and below, a youth sketching in the Swiss Alps (representing "Modern Painters"), St Mark's Lion (from "Stones of Venice"), and a seven-branched candlestick (from "Seven Lamps of Architecture"). The cross head features interlace and a hemisphere.
The south face is adorned with scrollwork depicting a dogrose along with a squirrel, kingfisher, and wren. The west face illustrates scenes from the parable of the vineyard ("Unto This Last"), lilies and sesame seeds ("Sesame and Lilies"), a crowned angel holding a club, key, and nail ("Fors Clavigera"), an olive wreath ("Crown of Wild Olive"), and St George and the dragon (representing the Guild of St George). The north face has an interlace panel. John Ruskin was a prominent art critic during the Victorian era and also wrote extensively on social and economic issues.
Local climate
Memorial Cross to John Ruskin Approximately 23 Metres East of St Andrew's Church sits in one of the wettest parts of the UK, with an average of 1,550 mm of rain a year. This makes it wetter than 99% of listed buildings in the UK. Its exposure to wind-driven rain is greater than that of 97% of listed buildings.
It experiences an average of 49 freeze-thaw cycles a year, more than 91% of listed buildings. Of these, 27 follow at least 1 mm of rain in the preceding 48 hours. Average temperatures at this location have risen by 0.3°C per decade since 1991.
Averages for 1991–2020; temperature trend 1991–2025. Figures describe the wider area (a grid cell of roughly 10 km), not the individual site. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information 2026.
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