10 Arthur Street, Hillsborough, Co. Down, BT26 6AP

10 Arthur Street is a mid-terraced single-storey stone house with attic storey, built around 1830 as part of a terrace of 23 similar workers' dwellings constructed for the Downshire Estate. The house faces west and is rectangular on plan.

The building displays the characteristic features of the earlier houses in the terrace, which were built in the late 1820s. It is constructed of random rubble masonry with granite used for the mouldings and arched alleyways. The pitched natural slate roof is finished with black clay ridge tiles. A replacement brick chimneystack with terracotta pots to the south is shared with No. 12. Two gabled dormers with weatherboarding and replacement timber casement windows with applied lead are set into the roof. Cast-iron guttering on iron brackets sits on a brick eaves course.

The west front elevation is two bays, incorporating a voussoired red sandstone arch with granite impost stones to a shared passageway on the north side. Sandstone hood mouldings and concrete sills mark the window and door openings. The single square-headed window opening contains a replacement fixed-pane bipartite timber window with applied lead, and a replacement timber sheeted door opens onto a concrete step. The north side elevation, which gives access to the rear and is shared with adjoining house No. 8, features concrete paving and cement-rendered walling.

The house retains its original modest style and proportions with its dressed stone archway and stone hood mouldings intact on the façade. However, the original doors and windows have been lost, and many original materials have been replaced during recent renovations. A Velux roof light was added to the rear in 1989, and the dormer window was replaced in 1982.

The terrace was built in at least three phases. The earliest houses, including this one, date from the late 1820s and are distinguished by their random rubble masonry with granite mouldings. The remainder of the terrace was added after that date but before 1858. All houses were originally built with a rear yard, a pit for household waste, and a dry toilet. Coal was stored in a hole under the stairs adjacent to the living room, and water was supplied from a tap at the top of Arthur Street or a pump at the end of Wapping Street.

The house first appears in Griffith's Valuation (1856–64) as occupied by Richard Duncan, leased from the Marquess of Downshire. It is listed as a house and yard valued at £2 15 shillings, with a weekly rent of 1 shilling and 4 pence plus taxes. The valuer noted that the rents were "moderate". This house claimed ownership of the passageway and was valued slightly higher than its neighbour for this reason. The building was formally listed in 1974.

The house constitutes an important part of the overall character of Arthur Street and lies within a conservation area. It is currently not occupied.