1 Dandy Row, Lenaderg, Banbridge, Co Down, BT32 4NP is a Grade Record Only listed building in the Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon local planning authority area, Northern Ireland. First listed on 25 October 1977. 1 related planning application.

1 Dandy Row, Lenaderg, Banbridge, Co Down, BT32 4NP

WRENN ID
broken-pavement-bramble
Grade
Record Only
Local Planning Authority
Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon
Country
Northern Ireland
Date first listed
25 October 1977
Source
NI Environment Agency listing

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Description

A two-storey single-bay mid-terrace mill workers house built around 1868, located off Huntley Road at its junction with Lurgan Road, approximately 1.5 miles north of Banbridge. The building forms part of a terrace that runs perpendicular to the main road, with a private access running along the front.

The house has a square plan with a rear return. The pitched natural slate roof is fitted with clay ridge tiles and galvanised replacement rainwater goods, with a brick chimney. The principal elevation faces north and is asymmetrically arranged, with roughcast cement rendered walling. Steel shutters protect the front windows and door. The front door is located to the left with a single window to the right; a single first-floor window sits directly above the ground-floor window. The left gable is abutted by an adjoining building.

The rear elevation comprises a bipartite metal casement window to the ground floor left with a timber casement window directly over. A two-storey pitched roof gable-ended return abuts to the right. A window sits right of centre to the first floor with the ground floor obscured. The left cheek has a central casement window to the first floor with a bricked-up window opening to the far left (cill remains); the ground floor has a door to the left and an enlarged window to the right. Red-brick walling appears to the rear. Timber casement windows to the rear have flat-arch heads.

The house was built as one of a terrace of five dwellings serving as workers' housing for Milltown bleach works. The terrace was constructed by William and John Smyth as part of a self-contained industrial settlement first established in 1820. The Smyths followed Victorian industrial tradition by providing housing, education, a reading room, and support for the sick, funerals, and provisions during harsh seasons.

Milltown was established in 1820 when John Smyth (1798-1890), descendant of a linen-trading family, purchased a corn mill and surrounding land from the Crawford family and erected extensive bleaching and finishing works. He built Milltown House around 1825, reputedly as a wedding present for his fiancée Anna McClelland of Belmont House. By 1839, John Smyth & Co had become the largest bleaching and finishing works on the Bann, with an output of 40,000 pieces of cloth per year. Three of John and Anna Smyth's twelve children later formed William Smyth & Co Ltd, a successful firm employing more than 250 people. The railway line connecting Banbridge with Scarva (1859) and Lisburn (1863) provided convenient transport for the company's goods, aiding business expansion. By 1857 the Smyths owned the Bannville Beetling Mill and had customers worldwide including the USA, Italy, Russia and Germany. An iron foundry was established in 1876 for the company's own needs and local light engineering work. By 1886 the bleach works and bleach greens covered 220 acres, powered by water with steam as auxiliary, served by six iron water wheels.

Valuation records date the house to around 1868. The buildings first appear in the Annual Revision fieldbook from 1864-1878 as newly-built vacant kitchen dwellings valued at £2.10s. The houses appear to have been unfinished at that time and, with the addition of returns, were revalued in 1868 at £4 each. That same year, the majority of houses were noted as occupied, with John Smyth Senior initially as landlord, later William Smyth & Co Ltd. The first recorded occupier of number one was David Smith (1868), followed by Charles Nelson (1902) and John Gamble (1903). The 1901 census records John Gamble, a beetling engine man at the nearby works, as occupier—a widower living with his daughter Agnes and son William, aged 14 and 11 respectively. By 1911 William and Agnes were the occupiers, working as a bleacher and a viewer in the bleach works respectively. The Gamble family remained in residence until at least the 1950s.

In the First General Revaluation of 1933-34, the houses were listed as "old cottages in fair condition" with three bedrooms, a kitchen and scullery. Weekly rent was 2s.8d. The mill produced linen until the 1940s, but the company went into voluntary liquidation in 1945 after being taken over by the Irish Bleachers' Association under their redundancy scheme. The factory buildings were eventually demolished in the 1950s.

The house sits within a small enclosed yard to the rear, immediately adjacent to and south of associated historic buildings forming a cluster group. The terrace was first shown on the third edition Ordnance Survey map of around 1900. The house continues in use as a dwelling. While the building's principal interest lies in its relationship with adjacent buildings and its significance to the social and industrial development of the area, it is not among the finest examples of its type and has been affected by changes to the remainder of the terrace.

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