The Temple is a Grade II* listed building in the North Yorkshire local planning authority area, England. First listed on 1 August 1952. Tower.
The Temple
- WRENN ID
- lesser-clay-sorrel
- Grade
- II*
- Local Planning Authority
- North Yorkshire
- Constituency
- Richmond and Northallerton MP: Rishi Sunak (Con)
- Country
- England
- Date first listed
- 1 August 1952
- Type
- Tower
- Address
- The Temple, Cravengate, Richmond
- OS grid reference
- NZ 167 007
- Coordinates
- 54.40184, -1.74408
- Source
- Historic England listing
Description
The Temple, also known as Culloden Tower, is a Grade II* listed building constructed around 1746 to commemorate the Battle of Culloden. It stands on the site of an earlier pele tower, which may still be represented by the rectangular rubble base that now serves as an undercroft used as a barn, with a cellar beneath.
The structure features a two-storeyed octagonal tower made of ashlar stone, connected to the rectangular base by broaches. The second storey has pointed windows on alternating faces and a blind arcade of three moulded pointed arches on each face, with bands dividing the storeys. The top storey includes a mix of blind and windowed openings, crowned by a parapet decorated with strap-work and crocketed pinnacles at the corners, most of which are damaged. Despite this, the building remains in remarkably good condition.
At the southwest corner, there is a stair turret topped with a small domed cap, decorated similarly to the main tower. Inside, there are two rooms, one on each storey, featuring an abundance of moulded wood ornamentation that blends Gothic and classical styles. The windows and corresponding cupboards in the blank walls have ogee crocketed heads and labels, while the doorcases and fireplaces are adorned with ornamental panels above. The mantelpieces display elaborate carved wood friezes and cornices, with a central mask. The dado-rails feature a key pattern, and both the skirting and frieze are moulded. The ceilings are domed, showcasing Gothic ribs with cusping. The entrance door is framed by a well-crafted stone case with flat pilasters featuring acanthus capitals and a shaped pediment that includes a cartouche of arms.
Local climate
The Temple receives an average of 860 mm of rain a year. This makes it wetter than 60% of listed buildings in the UK. Its exposure to wind-driven rain is lower than that of 69% of listed buildings.
It experiences an average of 50 freeze-thaw cycles a year, more than 91% of listed buildings. Of these, 29 follow at least 1 mm of rain in the preceding 48 hours. Average temperatures at this location have risen by 0.3°C per decade since 1991.
Averages for 1991–2020; temperature trend 1991–2025. Figures describe the wider area (a grid cell of roughly 10 km), not the individual site. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information 2026.
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