Church of St John the Baptist and boundary walls to the churchyard, cemetery and former rectory is a Grade II listed building in the Cornwall local planning authority area, England. Church. 1 related planning application.
Church of St John the Baptist and boundary walls to the churchyard, cemetery and former rectory
- WRENN ID
- hollow-pillar-kestrel
- Grade
- II
- Local Planning Authority
- Cornwall
- Country
- England
- Type
- Church
- Source
- Historic England listing
Description
Church of St John the Baptist, built between 1849 and 1852, was designed by Reverend Robert Aitken with assistance from William Hocking. The boundary walls to the churchyard, cemetery and former rectory were built in 1852 and later.
The church is constructed of roughly dressed and coursed granite blocks from Carn Earnes quarry with a slate roof. It is cruciform in plan with a square, embattled north-west tower and south porch. The building is set within its churchyard and surrounded by castellated granite walls.
The exterior displays Early English styling and is plain in character. The single-bay chancel and transepts are narrower and lower than the nave. All gable ends have flat verge copings surmounted with stone crosses. The two-stage tower has paired belfry lancets on each face. The east window comprises five lancets, whilst the west window and gable transept windows have three lancets; all other windows are paired lancets. The porch features a granite flat arch surround and pilasters. External access to the crypt and heating chamber is provided via the north transept.
The interior is 135 feet long with a scissor-truss roof springing from high-set stone corbels. A narrow chancel arch emphasises the impressive verticality of the church; the nave rises to 41 feet high. The north and south chancel walls feature three pointed sedilia each. The altar rails and altar are oak, and the sanctuary floor is laid with encaustic tiles. No reredos is present, though one was described in 1852 as "remarkably striking and beautiful". A brass memorial plaque to Reverend Aitken stands in front of the altar, with a polished marble memorial to him on the north wall. The south wall displays a memorial plaque to his daughter and grandson. Above the choir is a Gothic marble memorial dedicated to other members of the Aitken family. The nave has a wood-block aisle floor and boarded floor beneath simple pine pews, likely made by a parishioner. The font, situated in front of the tower entrance, has a bowl carved from a single block of granite from Carn Earnes by a local miner-craftsman. It is supported on one central and four corner columns, with a timber cover surmounted by a carved dove. The edge of the cover carries carved symbols of local industry—mining, agriculture and fishing—along with an ice cream cone hidden in the decoration to represent tourism. The tower entrance originally had an open arch, now a door. The Ten Commandments and The Lord's Prayer are displayed on marble tablets flanking the chancel arch. An organ occupies the north transept.
The east window consists of five lancets in wrought-iron frames. Its white and yellow colours are created from silver and gold, designed to give the impression of early-sunrise light. The north nave window, commemorating Richard White, was made by J Wippell & Co. The north chancel window is dedicated to Aitken's second wife, Wilhelmina, and their daughter Etheldreda. Paired lancet windows on the south transept and south nave wall contain twelve Flemish and German roundels dating from the 16th to 18th centuries, set within brightly coloured and patterned glazing. The roundels depict various religious scenes and figures, including The Flight into Egypt, St John the Evangelist, and The Sacrifice of Isaac. The Adoration of the Magi is a copy of the original, which was broken by vandals in 2001. Other stained-glass windows depict St Peter, Jesus and Ruth, or contain religious symbols in brightly coloured glass.
Castellated boundary walls constructed of large granite blocks surround the churchyard and the former vicarage. A cemetery was added on the west side of Church Road after 1880, with the castellated design repeated there. The principal entrance to the original churchyard from Church Road features three pointed arches set with elaborate cast-iron gates within a castellated ensemble. The walls surrounding the churchyard have flat "turrets" at each corner, whilst pointed-arch gateways lead to the village and into the former rectory's garden. The east and west walls are stepped down to reflect the sloping site and are not castellated. The entrance to the former rectory has large granite gate piers flanked by infilled recesses. To the rear yard is a tall castellated archway.
Detailed Attributes
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